Galaxy Facts for Kids (Galaxy facts)

The Solar System- A Space Family

Solar System

The sun, planets and their satellites, asteroids, meteoroids and comets make the complete family of the Solar System that came into existence about 5 billion years age. At one halo of the Milky Way , contracting galactic cloud of hydrogen gas and mud particles made hence planets and their satellites. Because of the gravitational pull of the enormous planet Jupiter very small objects couldn't collect themselves to make a planet and hence, between Mars and Jupiter asteroids Minor Planets came into existence. With this, comets also found their place within the family.

Beyond Solar System.....

Beyond Solar System

Solar System may be a a part of the spiral nebula the Milky Way and it lies at the space of 30000 ly from the centre of the galaxy and 20000 ly from the end of the halo of the galaxy. With reference to the size of the entire Universe our system is merely some extent like object. In the Universe, there are many Sun-like stars, many giant, super giant stars and many small stars, So there is a possibility to have other planetary systems and of course Earth-like planets. Information from exterior of the system has been captured after the event of astronomy .
Voyager Mission is also to know more about the outside of the Solar System. Discoveries of three Earth-like planets revolving around a pulsar in Virgo Cluster a star –Pegasi (5000 ly away) and a Jupiter or Saturn-like planer around this star; a star called Fomalhaut and a newborn Saturn-like planet is close to form near this star, a Saturn-like planet during a two-star system, etc. have produced curiosity to seek out out such more systems outside the system . the most objective of such discoveries is to seek out out the steps of life outside the system , because all has the question in mind that “Are We Alone?”

Supernova Explosions- The Great Fireworks!

Not all stars end their lives as quietly because the white dwarfs. Massive stars with much more matter than the Sun continue a more complex evolution and finish their existence during a far more spectacular way. The nucleus of such stars is extremely compressed and hot to offer more nuclear reactions. When such a star uses all its hydrogen, its nucleus compresses to form heavier elements like carbon then iron. When it's not to get energy from iron, the centre collapses and therefore the whole star explodes with an excellent , unimaginable bang. Such an explosion is understood as Supernova Explosion. With the explosion most of the star’s matter disperses into space.

Water on the Moon

NASA has confirmed there is water on the Moon-although not much, and frozen-but possibly enough to support a sizeable Moon colony sometime in the future. The water has been detected by NASA’s Lunar Porspector spacecraft and is scattered in thin concentrations over an outsized area. Mostly in the Moon’s polar regions. It is estimated there might be several trillion gallons of frozen water on the Moo-the equivalent of a moderate-sized lake. The water probably reached the Moon from icy comets hitting it. As well as providing something to drink and wash with, water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen, which might be used for rocket fuel.

Craters

Craters are cavity-like structures which are seen on the surface of the terrestrial planets and satellites. There craters would are formed when the planets or satellites were in formation stage. Terrestrial planets Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars have solid surface, but when these planets were in formation stage, their surface was semimolten or molten. In lack of atmosphere, other celestial bodies like meteoroids, asteroids and comets frequently collided with the planets and produced craters which eventually settled with cooling temperature of the planets. Telescopic images show the craters on the surface of Mercury and Mars. Earth’s craters are difficult to see as most of the craters are filled with water and craters of Venus are not visible yet due to thickness of its atmosphere. Still on the world Arizona crater is extremely famous that's the results of such impact after the formation of upper layer. Moon’s images also give the impression of the surface with many craters.

The third planet from the sun

Space Family

The Earth is the only unique planet of solar system, which is able to support life in all its forms, from micro organisms to intelligent human beings. It is the third planet from the sun and is approximately 149.6*106 faraway from it. It’s not an exact round but flat at its poles. The average diameter of the earth is 12756K.M. ¾  portion of the earth is covered with water out of which 97% is salty and only  3% is fresh water. It’s surprising that out of that 3% freshwater, 2% is frozen in ice sheets and glaciers means only 1% fresh water is found in lakes, rivers and underground. The atmosphere of the earth comprises of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide gases. The top layer also contains ozone.

Earth

Space debris- A burning issue of today’s spaceage

Space debris or orbital debris, also called space junk and space junk and space waste, are the objects in orbit around earth created by humans, which no longer serve any useful purpose. They contains everything from entire spent rocket stages and defunct satellites to explosion fragments, paint flakes, dust, and slag from solid rocket motors, coolant released by nuclear powered satellites, deliberate insertion of small needles, and other small particles. Space debris has become a growing concern in recent years, since collisions at orbital velocities are often highly damaging to functioning satellites. Space debris is most concentrated in low earth orbit (200-2000 Km). This debris can hit the working space vehicles and make them dead for ever. Sometimes a number of such pieces can reenter the atmosphere and may be dangerous for passenger planes and fighter planes. The debris is never controlled by ground stations and so they can possible fall any where. The worst uncontrolled reentry in history occurred in July 1979, when Skylab, Americas abandoned, 78-ton space station-which has way back run out of maneuver fuel-came down before planned, Many developed countries are seriously thinking about this problem and trying to develop a new technology of reusing the debris-satellites like space shuttles and the other way is to boost them up in another orbits by booster rockets.


Star Facts:- The basic of Stellar information

Pulsars- The Space Beacons

When a supernova explodes, most of the star is destroyed. However, its nucleus is survived and it's such a lot compressed that it's a bit like a nucleus of an atom which is named a star star is primarily made from neutrons. it's the densest object within the Universe that a teaspoon of its matter would weight quite 1,000,000 tons. Neutron stars don't emit light , but they transmit radio waves. These stars spin in no time on their own, emitting a beam of radiation that spins along side the star exactly as a lighthouse’s lamp does. Each time the beam points to the Earth, we receive a  pulse of radiation. This is known as a pulsar.

Black Holes- The hungriest objects in the Universe

What happens when a star’s nucleus contains an enormous quantity of matter? The neutron star’s interior cannot support its own weight and begins to compress into itself and collapses even further. But, unlike the opposite processes during a star’s evolution, during this case a surprising thing happens. The star is condemned to totally collapse under is own weight. Its diameter begins to scale back at an equivalent time that its density increases. There is nothing known in nature that's capable of opposing such an intense gravity . Surprisingly, it are often said that this process never ends. According to theory of relativity, the shrinking of time occurs and process continuously becomes slower and slower that we can never see its end. But at an equivalent time at certain point, gravity is so intense that even light cannot shake the star in contraction. This is called a black hole.

Milky Way- Our Home

Milky Way is one among the most important spiral galaxies which may be a vast collection of stars, dust and hydrogen gas. Like other spiral galaxies, Milky Way is additionally a really active galaxy just in case of star formation. Milky Way’s structure is divided into three parts: Arm, Nucleus and Halo and Disc. Our system is at one end of the halo. The centre of the Milky Way is understood to be a region . This galaxy contains 150 billion stars. Its diameter is of quite 100000 ly and luminosity is roughly about 10 billion times that of the Sun.

The Sun takes 250 million years to finish its orbital journey about the galactic centre. This is known as one galactic year. By looking at human standards, the last time we were at our present position in the Milky Way, the dinosaurs were just beginning to dominate the Earth and mammals were not there at all. Two galactic years ago, the earliest vertebrates swam within the sea and therefore the land was still barren of plant and animal life. Four galactic years ago life was single-celled and microscopic. The origin of life dates back about 16 galactic years and therefore the age of Earth and system is approx. 18 galactic years. So, isn’t it amazing to find the Earth and of course humans to be very young!

Filling Station in Space

Filling Station in Space

It’s hard to seek out a station in space, but it’s easy to seek out methane, abundant on many planets and moons. NASA is taking advantage of that with a methane-fueled rocket. Future probes could save weight by carrying a touch fuel, then gassing up enroute a bit like any long-distance traveler.

My view about this post (Conclusion)

All the planets converge to form a solar system. The outside of the solar system is also shown in this. It contains information about whether there is water on the moon. Th third planet in the sun has a lot to say about our planet. You will find out a lot about what you may not know about today's burning issue of space. I am 100% sure that by reading this post you have come to know a lot.