Instant Camera

The Polaroid Land camera or, because it is now known, the moment camera, is that the most ordinarily recognized invention of Edwin H. Land. A chemist and physicist, he revolutionized the amateur and professional photography industries by inventing and producing a camera that incorporates its own processing lab, producing finished prints in less than a minute.

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The inspiration for his invention came in 1943 during a family vacation, when he snapped a photograph of his daughter. The three-year-old was impatient to see the results, and even as Land was explaining that she would have to wait, he was formulating the first plans for his instant camera.

 Camera history (Auto focus camera)

Instant camera

The Konica company of Japan introduced the first camera that focuses itself. Instead of turning a ring on the lens and focusing by eye, with the Konica C35AF you simply point and shoot. As you press the shutter, the camera’s autofocus system takes over. Light rays entering the camera hit special separator lens that splits the image in two. The camera then calculates the distance between the two images. If they are not at the right distance, a motor in the camera body adjusts the focusing ring on the lens until they are –then the shutter opens and a perfectly focused picture is taken.

Digital cameras

Though they often appear as if traditional film cameras, digital cameras take pictures electronically. The image is captured by charge-coupled devices (or CCDs, light sensitive semiconductors) and generated as pixels then stored as a file. After the picture is taken, it can be immediately seen-there is no photo processing involved. Digital camera technology has been a boon to photo journalists and other professional photographers, and continues to make headway in the consumer market of the late 1990s. indeed, more than 2 million digital cameras were sold in 1997.

George Eastman

George Eastman

Born : 12 July, 1854

He invented the Camera.

George Eastman invented the camera in New York. George Eastman invented the camera in the 1880’s. Eastman invented the camera so people could remember the things they do. He invented the color film on April 15, 1935. Also, he invented black and white film in the 1880’s.

‘George Eastman’s inventions of dry, rolled film and the hand-held cameras that could utilize it revolutionized photography.

Born in Waterville, New York, Eastman, in 1877, embarked upon the intricate tasks of preparing the required emulsions, coating the ‘wet plates’ on which most pictures were then taken, and developing the prints. He pursued eagerly all available literature on the topic and was attracted by a formula for a ‘dry plate’ emulsion that appeared in an English almanac.

He was a highschool dropout, judged “not especially gifted” when measured against the tutorial standards of the day. He was poor, but whilst a young man, he took it upon himself to support his widowed mother and two sister, one among whom was severely handicapped.

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He began his business career as 14-year old employee during a n insurance firm and followed that with work as a clerk in a local bank.

As passing years brought increased wealth, Eastman became one of America leading philanthropists, giving away more than $100 million, the principal recipients were the University of Rochester and the Eastman School of Music, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Tuskegee and Hampton institutes, Rochester Dental Dispensary, and dental clinics in several European capitals. In 1932 after an extended illness Eastman committed suicide.

Audiocassette

Audiocassette

In 1963 the Philips Company introduced the audiocassette, a device that used magnetic recording was originally introduced in the form of audiotape in 1929 by Fritz Pfleumer, a German engineer. Prior to the use of audiotape, sound was recorded and stored on records made of wax or vinyl. In 1935, a German electronics firm, AEG, began widely marketing a record/playback device that used audiotape. Although the electronics industry refined the clarity and range of AEG’s machine. It failed to spread into extensive personal use until the introduction of the audiocassette.

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Radio

The word “radio” means communicating with radio waves, which are part f the electromagnetic spectrum. Radio has a huge range of applications. It is used in the telephone network for mobile telephones and links in the network for broadcasting, for two-way radio communications as used by the emergency services, and for remote control of machines. “Radio” also means the media of radio, during which music and speech from radio stations are transmitted by radio waves, and are picked up by radio receivers.

Who invented the hovercraft?

The hovercraft was invented by Christopher Cokerell. To try out his theories, his first test model was made form a tin can, a coffee tin and a hairdryer.

Battery

Battery

Well known scientist Thomas Alva Edison invented new storage Battery in 28^th may, 1902. This battery was lighter than lead Acid Batteries. The life of this battery was also longer than the same.

Count Alessandro Volta

Count Volta

Born : 18 February, 1745

He invented the first battery

Born in Como, Italy, into a noble family. Count Volta was a physicist and pioneer within the study of electricity “Volt,” named after Count Volta, may be a measurement of electricity. His most famous invention, however, is that the first battery.

The idea came from Galvani , an anatomist.
Galvani thought was due to some sort of electrical action within the vicinity, like lightening. Volta tried to duplicate the experiment, and he did on a transparent day when there was no lightening.

Through experimentation, Volta realized that the 2 different metal objects holding the frog leg may be the source of the action.  Over a period of several years he figured out that the wet muscle tissue conducted a current between the 2 different sort of metals. Volta modified this effect to supply the primary continuous flow of electrical current. Around 1800, he invented a wet battery called a pile .

The Voltaic Pile consisted f discs of copper and zinc separated by discs of paper or cardboard (soaked n salt water). Attached to the highest and bottom of this “pile” was a copper wire.
Volta’s battery was later refined by other scientists, and therefore the French emperor. Napoleon, made Volta a “Count” for his discovery.

Microphone

A microphone, sometimes referred to as a mike or mic that converts sound into an electrical signal.

Various people have been named as the inventor of the sewing machine, but early machines could produce only chain stitches. The first patent for a lock stitch sewing machine was granted to Elias Howe, Jr On 10 September 1846.

The issue of whom should be named as the inventor of the inventor of the sewing machine is a complex one. The first patent for a sewing machine was issued to Thomas Saint (England) in 1790, in which saint specified a number of features that would be re-invented more than half a century later by Elias Howe, Jr and Isaac Singer (both USA), but it seems that saint’s machine never progressed beyond a prototype.

How do linked automated teller machines (ATM) work?

Electronic banking has come of age with the introduction of linked automated teller machines (ATMs). ATMs, or cash dispensers, let you deposit or withdraw money from the machine at any time of the day or night. All you need is a plastic magnetic card, which you feed into the machine, using your personal identification number (PIN). The card carries your account numbers, and the machine, which is linked to the bank’s computer system and to other ATMs, dispenses the cash you need. The first cash dispensers date back to 1969, but they used paper vouchers rather than magnetic cards and were unreliable.

The first answering machine

As telephone usage spreads throughout the world, more and more people are worried about what will happen if they do not get an important call. The solution is a new machine invented in Switzerland, which can answer the telephone automatically when you are out. At the heart of the machine is steel tape-recording technology. The user records a message on the tape and connects it to the phone. From then on, anyone who calls will hear this announcement. After a prompt, the caller can leave own message, which may be played back when the recipient arrives home.

Videophone

Videophone

Telephone users have long dreamed of a phone that allows you to see the person you are talking to. The technology to scan and display the image of a person making a call has existed for years. The problem has been sending the pictures down a standard telephone line. But now British Telecom has come up with the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), with which both voice and picture can be sent as digital code, before being decoded at the other end.

Baby Incubator

A Frenchman name Budin is credited with having invented, in 1880, a crude baby incubator : a wooden cabinet heated by pans of predicament . In 1891 Budin’s countryman, Dr. Alexandre lion, introduced a more sophisticated incubator, or ‘couveuse’, which both filtered air and kept it at a continuing temperature.